docs: updated developer section

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Folke Lemaitre 2024-06-24 15:11:51 +02:00
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sidebar_position: 7 sidebar_position: 7
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# 📚 Plugin Developers # 🔥 Developers
To make it easier for users to install your plugin, you can include a [package spec](/packages) in your repo. To make it easier for users to install your plugin, you can include a [package spec](/packages) in your repo.
If your plugin needs a build step, you can specify this in your **package file**, ## Best Practices
or create a file `build.lua` or `build/init.lua` in the root of your repo.
This file will be loaded when the plugin is installed or updated.
This makes it easier for users, as they no longer need to specify a `build` command. - If your plugin needs `setup()`, then create a simple `lazy.lua` file like this:
```lua
return { "me/my-plugin", opts = {} }
```
- Plugins that are pure lua libraries should be lazy-loaded with `lazy = true`.
```lua
{ "nvim-lua/plenary.nvim", lazy = true }
```
- Only use `dependencies` if a plugin needs the dep to be installed **AND** loaded.
Lua plugins/libraries are automatically loaded when they are `require()`d,
so they don't need to be in `dependencies`.
:::tip[GOOD]
```lua
{ "folke/todo-comments.nvim", opts = {} },
{ "nvim-lua/plenary.nvim", lazy = true },
```
:::
:::danger[BAD]
```lua
{
"folke/todo-comments.nvim",
opts = {},
-- This will always load plenary as soon as todo-comments loads,
-- even when todo-comments doesn't use it.
dependencies = { "nvim-lua/plenary.nvim", lazy = true },
},
```
:::
- Inside a `build` function or `*.lua` build file, use `coroutine.yield(status_msg)` to show progress.
- Don't change the `cwd` in your build function, since builds run in parallel and changing the `cwd` will affect other builds.
## Building
The spec **build** property can be one of the following:
- `fun(plugin: LazyPlugin)`: a function that builds the plugin.
- `*.lua`: a Lua file that builds the plugin (like `build.lua`)
- `":Command"`: a Neovim command
- `"rockspec"`: this will run `luarocks make` in the plugin's directory
This is automatically set by the `rockspec` [package](/packages) source.
- any other **string** will be run as a shell command
- a `list` of any of the above to run multiple build steps
- if no `build` is specified, but a `build.lua` file exists, that will be used instead.
Build functions and `*.lua` files run asynchronously in a coroutine.
Use `coroutine.yield(status_msg)` to show progress.
Yielding will also schedule the next `coroutine.resume()` to run in the next tick, so you can do long-running tasks without blocking Neovim.
:::tip
If you need to know the directory of your build lua file, you can use:
```lua
local dir = vim.fn.fnamemodify(debug.getinfo(1, "S").source:sub(2), ":p:h")
```
:::

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## 11.x ## 11.x
- **New Website**: There's a whole new website with a fresh look and improved documentation. - **New Website**: There's a whole new website with a fresh look and improved documentation.
Check it out at [lazy.nvim](https://lazy.folke.io/). Check it out at [https://lazy.folke.io](https://lazy.folke.io/).
The GitHub `README.md` has been updated to point to the new website. The GitHub `README.md` has been updated to point to the new website.
The `vimdoc` contains all the information that is available on the website. The `vimdoc` contains all the information that is available on the website.
- **Spec Resolution & Merging**: the code that resolves a final spec from a plugin's fragments has been rewritten. - **Spec Resolution & Merging**: the code that resolves a final spec from a plugin's fragments has been rewritten.
This should be a tiny bit faster, but more importantly, fixes some issues and is easier to maintain. This should be a tiny bit faster, but more importantly, fixes some issues and is easier to maintain.
- `rocks`: specs can now specify a list of rocks ([luarocks](https://luarocks.org/)) that should be installed.
- [Packages](https://lazy.folke.io/packages) can now specify their dependencies and configuration using one of: - [Packages](https://lazy.folke.io/packages) can now specify their dependencies and configuration using one of:
- **Lazy**: `lazy.lua` file - **Lazy**: `lazy.lua` file
- **Rockspec**: [luarocks](https://luarocks.org/) `*-scm-1.rockspec` [file](https://github.com/luarocks/luarocks/wiki/Rockspec-format) - **Rockspec**: [luarocks](https://luarocks.org/) `*-scm-1.rockspec` [file](https://github.com/luarocks/luarocks/wiki/Rockspec-format)
- **Packspec**: `pkg.json` (experimental, since the [format](https://github.com/neovim/packspec/issues/41) is not quite there yet) - **Packspec**: `pkg.json` (experimental, since the [format](https://github.com/neovim/packspec/issues/41) is not quite there yet)
- Packages are not limited to just Neovim plugins. You can install any **luarocks** package, like:
```lua
{ "https://github.com/lubyk/yaml" }
```
Luarocks packages without a `/lua` directory are never lazy-loaded, since it's just a library.
- `build` functions or `*.lua` build files (like `build.lua`) now run asynchronously.
You can use `coroutine.yield(status_msg)` to show progress.
Yielding will also schedule the next `resume` to run in the next tick,
so you can do long-running tasks without blocking Neovim.

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## Rockspec ## Rockspec
When a plugin contains a `*-scm-1.rockspec` file, **lazy.nvim** will automatically load its [`rocks`](/spec#setup) dependencies. When a plugin contains a `*-1.rockspec` file, **lazy.nvim** will automatically build the rock and its dependencies.
## Packspec ## Packspec

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## Spec Setup ## Spec Setup
| Property | Type | Description | | Property | Type | Description |
| ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **init** | `fun(LazyPlugin)` | `init` functions are always executed during startup | | **init** | `fun(LazyPlugin)` | `init` functions are always executed during startup |
| **opts** | `table` or `fun(LazyPlugin, opts:table)` | `opts` should be a table (will be merged with parent specs), return a table (replaces parent specs) or should change a table. The table will be passed to the `Plugin.config()` function. Setting this value will imply `Plugin.config()` | | **opts** | `table` or `fun(LazyPlugin, opts:table)` | `opts` should be a table (will be merged with parent specs), return a table (replaces parent specs) or should change a table. The table will be passed to the `Plugin.config()` function. Setting this value will imply `Plugin.config()` |
| **config** | `fun(LazyPlugin, opts:table)` or `true` | `config` is executed when the plugin loads. The default implementation will automatically run `require(MAIN).setup(opts)` if `opts` or `config = true` is set. Lazy uses several heuristics to determine the plugin's `MAIN` module automatically based on the plugin's **name**. See also `opts`. To use the default implementation without `opts` set `config` to `true`. | | **config** | `fun(LazyPlugin, opts:table)` or `true` | `config` is executed when the plugin loads. The default implementation will automatically run `require(MAIN).setup(opts)` if `opts` or `config = true` is set. Lazy uses several heuristics to determine the plugin's `MAIN` module automatically based on the plugin's **name**. See also `opts`. To use the default implementation without `opts` set `config` to `true`. |
| **main** | `string?` | You can specify the `main` module to use for `config()` and `opts()`, in case it can not be determined automatically. See `config()` | | **main** | `string?` | You can specify the `main` module to use for `config()` and `opts()`, in case it can not be determined automatically. See `config()` |
| **build** | `fun(LazyPlugin)` or `string` or a list of build commands | `build` is executed when a plugin is installed or updated. Before running `build`, a plugin is first loaded. If it's a string it will be run as a shell command. When prefixed with `:` it is a Neovim command. You can also specify a list to executed multiple build commands. Some plugins provide their own `build.lua` which is automatically used by lazy. So no need to specify a build step for those plugins. | | **build** | `fun(LazyPlugin)` or `string` or a list of build commands | `build` is executed when a plugin is installed or updated. See [Building](/developers#building) for more information. |
| **rocks** | `string[]?` | Add any [luarocks](https://luarocks.org/) dependencies. |
## Spec Lazy Loading ## Spec Lazy Loading